RT Book, Section
A1 Chamie, Karim
A1 Rochelle, Jeffrey La
A1 Shuch, Brian
A1 Belldegrun, Arie S.
A2 Brunicardi, F. Charles
A2 Andersen, Dana K.
A2 Billiar, Timothy R.
A2 Dunn, David L.
A2 Hunter, John G.
A2 Matthews, Jeffrey B.
A2 Pollock, Raphael E.
SR Print(0)
ID 1117753078
T1 Urology
T2 Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 10e
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071796743
LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1117753078
RD 2024/04/19
AB In  the  surgical  treatment  of  invasive  bladder  cancer,  a  thorough  lymph  node  dissection  is  essential.Patients  with  testicular  cancer  without  radiographic  evidence  of  metastasis  often  harbor  microscopic  occult  deposits  of  disease  and  require  either  adjuvant  treatment  or  very  close  surveillance.Partial  nephrectomy  is  the  mainstay  of  treatment  for  small  renal  masses,  whereas  radical  nephrectomy  provides  a  survival  benefit  in  the  setting  of  metastatic  disease.The  vast  majority  of  renal  trauma  can  be  treated  conservatively,  with  early  surgical  intervention  reserved  for  persistent  bleeding,  renal  vascular,  or  ureteral  injuries.Distal  ureteral  injuries  should  only  be  treated  with  ureteroneocystostomy  (bladder  reimplantation)  because  of  the  high  failure  rate  of  distal  uretero-ureterostomies.Extraperitoneal  bladder  ruptures  can  be  treated  conservatively,  but  intraperitoneal  ruptures  typically  require  surgical  repair.Nearly  all  episodes  of  acute  urinary  retention  can  be  treated  with  conservative  measures  such  as  decreasing  narcotic  usage  and  increasing  ambulation.Testicular  torsion  is  an  emergency  where  successful  testicular  salvage  is  inversely  related  to  the  delay  in  repair,  so  cases  with  a  high  degree  of  clinical  suspicion  should  not  wait  for  a  radiologic  diagnosis.Fournier’s  gangrene  is  a  potentially  lethal  condition  that  requires  aggressive  débridement  and  close  follow-up  due  to  the  frequent  need  for  repeat  débridement.Most  small  ureteral  calculi  will  pass  spontaneously  or  with  the  use  of  medical  expulsive  therapy,  but  larger  stones  (>6  mm)  are  better  treated  with  ureteral  stenting  or  lithotripsy.