RT Book, Section A1 McClaine, Rebecca J. A1 von Allmen, Daniel A2 Ziegler, Moritz M. A2 Azizkhan, Richard G. A2 Allmen, Daniel von A2 Weber, Thomas R. SR Print(0) ID 1100439093 T1 Principles of Adjuvant Therapy in Pediatric Cancer T2 Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2e YR 2014 FD 2014 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-162723-8 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1100439093 RD 2024/03/28 AB Cancer accounts for 10% of all pediatric deaths.Surgically treated cancers, neuroblastoma, the Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, and hepatoblastoma, collectively account for about 20% of all pediatric cancers.Children typically tolerate chemotherapy better than adults.Pediatric cancer therapy is associated with several long-term morbidities, including neurologic deficits, cardiac illness, and the development of secondary malignancies.Neuroblastoma may be treated with surgery alone; surgery plus chemotherapy (carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide), or surgery, chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, isotretinoin, and a monoclonal GD2 antibody depending on the stage.Most patients with the Wilms tumor receive vincristine and dactinomycin with additional agents and radiation added for higher-risk tumors.Vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide, along with radiation for local control, represent the mainstays of therapy for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma.The majority of hepatoblastomas are treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (consisting of combinations of cisplatin, doxorubicin, vincristine, and 5-fluorouracil) to allow for surgical resection and cure.