RT Book, Section A1 Azizkhan, Richard G. A2 Ziegler, Moritz M. A2 Azizkhan, Richard G. A2 Allmen, Daniel von A2 Weber, Thomas R. SR Print(0) ID 1100432256 T1 Head and Neck Lesions T2 Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2e YR 2014 FD 2014 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-162723-8 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1100432256 RD 2024/03/28 AB To successfully manage patients with branchial cleft anomalies, surgeons must have a thorough understanding of the embryology, anatomy, and clinical presentation of these lesions.To minimize recurrence and injury to critical structures related to the larynx, surgeons must have in-depth knowledge of normal and pathological neck anatomy in the context of congenital and acquired lesions (ie, thyroglossal duct cysts, dermoid cysts, and other midline lesions).Torticollis is a common acquired condition related to scarring and atrophy of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and adjacent cervical muscles. Most patients can be treated nonoperatively; however, rarely, patients require surgical intervention to prevent complications such as facial hemihypoplasia and life-long craniofacial asymmetry.Vascular lesions are the most common benign neoplasms affecting the salivary glands in children. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign epithelial tumor. The high rate of local recurrence of this tumor is problematic.Malignant neoplasms of the salivary glands (mucoepidermoid carcinomas and acinous cell carcinomas) are uncommon, and most lesions can be managed with surgical excision. High-grade malignancies are extremely rare and tend to occur in younger patients.Cervical lymphadenitis can be either acute or chronic, caused by a spectrum of etiologies, including viral, bacterial (aerobic, anaerobic, and mycobacterial), fungal, and protozoan infections. Understanding the spectrum and presentation of diseases is essential to selecting appropriate pharmacological and surgical management approaches.