RT Book, Section
A1 Doherty, Gerard M.
SR Print(0)
ID 58105420
T1 Venous Insufficiency, Chronic
T2 Quick Answers Surgery
YR 2010
FD 2010
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 
LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=58105420
RD 2024/04/19
AB •  Chronic  venous  insufficiency  (CVI)  caused  by  chronic  elevation  in  venous  pressure•  3  factors1.  Calf  muscle  pump  dysfunction2.  Valvular  reflux3.  Outflow  obstruction•  Venous  outflow  obstruction  results  in  "venous  claudication"  pain  during  exercise•  Valvular  incompetence  -Congenital  or  secondary  to  phlebitis-Varicose  veins-Deep  venous  thrombosis  (DVT)•  Venous  stasis  changes  centered  in  "gaiter  areas"  around  ankles:  commonly  affected  perforator  veins,  region  of  sparse  soft-tissue  support•  Local  inflammation,  hemosiderin  deposits,  leakage  of  plasma  fluid  results  in  fibrosis  and  ulceration•  Isolated  saphenous  vein  incompetence  &  DVT  can  lead  to  chronic  venous  stasis  changes•  May-Thurner  syndrome:  Compression  of  left  iliac  vein  by  right  iliac  artery  causing  venous  stasis,  CVI