RT Book, Section A1 Doherty, Gerard M. SR Print(0) ID 1004107133 T1 Pulmonary Thromboembolism T2 Quick Answers Surgery YR 2010 FD 2010 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1004107133 RD 2024/11/07 AB • Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) most common source of pulmonary embolism (PE)• Uncommon causes of embolism include: -Air (complications from central lines)-Fat (long bone fractures, respiratory insufficiency, coagulopathy, encephalopathy, petechiae)-Amniotic (during active labor)-Tumor emboli from RA or inferior vena cava (IVC)• < 10% of PE cause pulmonary infarction• Size and frequency of PE determines disease and outcome• PE obstructing large pulmonary artery: RV failure• PE causes release of vasoactive amines causing severe pulmonary vasoconstriction, increased dead space and hypoxia from right-to-left shunt• Reflex bronchial vasoconstriction common