RT Book, Section A1 Doherty, Gerard M. SR Print(0) ID 58111436 T1 Goiter, Simple or Nontoxic (Diffuse & Multinodular) T2 Quick Answers Surgery YR 2010 FD 2010 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=58111436 RD 2024/10/08 AB • May be a diffuse or a multinodular goiter• May be physiologic or pathophysiologic-Physiologic occurs during puberty, menses, or pregnancy-Pathophysiologic is due to iodine-deficiency, congenital defect in thyroid hormone production, or goitrogenic foods or drugs• Generally assumed to be compensatory response to inadequate thyroid hormone production• Thyroid growth immunoglobulins may also be important• Food goitrogens include isothiocyanate and goitrin (in milk products)• Drugs implicated as goitrogens include:-Lithium-p-Aminosalicylic acid-Aminoglutethimide-Sulfonamides-Phenylbutazone• Congenital determined failures in thyroid hormone metabolism include iodine transport defects, abnormal secretion of iodoproteins, and thyroid hormone resistance syndromes