RT Book, Section
A1 Pitt, Susan C.
A1 Chen, Herbert
A2 Morita, Shane Y.
A2 Dackiw, Alan P. B.
A2 Zeiger, Martha A.
SR Print(0)
ID 6163770
T1 Chapter 19. Carcinoid Tumors
T2 McGraw-Hill Manual: Endocrine Surgery
YR 2010
FD 2010
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-160645-5
LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6163770
RD 2024/04/18
AB Carcinoid  tumors  were  first  described  in  a  1907  paper  titled  "Karzinoide  Tumoren  des  Dünndarms,"  or  "Cancer-like  Tumors  of  the  Gut,"  by  the  German  pathologist  Siegfried  Oberndorfer.1  He  used  the  word  karzinoide  to  illustrate  the  benign  behavior  of  a  tumor  whose  cells  appeared  malignant  under  the  microscope.1  Later  in  1914,  Gosset  and  Masson  characterized  the  endocrine-related  properties  of  carcinoid  tumors.2  Over  the  years,  a  considerable  amount  of  confusion  has  developed  over  the  definition  of  carcinoid  tumors,  largely  because,  historically,  the  name  carcinoid  was  used  in  reference  to  all  neuroendocrine  tumors.  In  general,  the  term  carcinoid  refers  to  endocrine  tumors  of  the  gastrointestinal  (GI)  tract,  bronchopulmonary  epithelium,  and  rare  other  sites  but  not  to  pancreatic  neuroendocrine  tumors  (PNETs),  also  called  islet  cell  tumors.  This  chapter  focuses  on  GI  carcinoid  tumors,  which  arise  from  enterochromaffin,  enterochromaffin-like,  or  Kulchitsky  cells  that  are  part  of  the  diffuse  neuroendocrine  cell  types  of  the  gut.  These  cells  are  distinguished  by  their  ability  to  secrete  bioactive  peptides  and  amines,  such  as  serotonin,  somatostatin,  gastrin,  and  histamine.