RT Book, Section A1 Lee, Leonard Y. A1 DeBois, William J. A1 Krieger, Karl H. A1 Isom, O. Wayne A2 Cohn, Lawrence H. SR Print(0) ID 55914619 T1 Chapter 13. Transfusion Therapy and Blood Conservation T2 Cardiac Surgery in the Adult, 4e YR 2012 FD 2012 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-163310-9 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=55914619 RD 2024/03/29 AB With the development of cardiac surgery in the 1950s to correct congenital heart defects came the need for large-volume blood transfusions. In the 1960s and 1970s, the introduction of valve prostheses and direct grafting of coronary arteries made the correction of acquired heart disease a possibility. These landmarks, along with the liberal use of homologous blood transfusion therapy, led to rapid growth of the field. Commensurate with the growth of cardiac surgery as a field was an increasing incidence of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis in the 1970s, ultimately alerting the public and treating physicians to the concept of blood conservation. The emergence of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) greater heightened the interest in this area, leading to the current practices of blood conservation therapy in cardiac surgery.