RT Book, Section A1 Andersson, Karl-Erik A2 McAninch, Jack W. A2 Lue, Tom F. SR Print(0) ID 1171184633 T1 Neurophysiology and Pharmacology of the Lower Urinary Tract T2 Smith & Tanagho's General Urology, 19e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781259834332 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1171184633 RD 2024/11/13 AB The bladder, in concert with the urethra and the pelvic floor, is responsible for storage and periodic expulsion of urine. The integrated function of these components of the lower urinary tract (LUT) is dependent on a complex control system in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral ganglia, and on local regulatory factors (de Groat and Yoshimura, 2001, 2006, 2015). Dysfunction of the central nervous control systems or of the components of the LUT can produce voiding difficulties and retention of urine, or different types of urinary incontinence (mainly urgency and stress incontinence), or the symptom complex of the “overactive bladder” (OAB), characterized by urgency and frequency with or without urgency incontinence, often with nocturia (Abrams et al, 2002).