RT Book, Section A1 Caso, Raul A1 Marshall, M. Blair A2 Sugarbaker, David J. A2 Bueno, Raphael A2 Burt, Bryan M. A2 Groth, Shawn S. A2 Loor, Gabriel A2 Wolf, Andrea S. A2 Williams, Marcia A2 Adams, Ann SR Print(0) ID 1170415311 T1 Surgical Repair of Complex (Recurrent) Pectus Excavatum in Adults T2 Sugarbaker’s Adult Chest Surgery, 3e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260026931 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1170415311 RD 2023/05/30 AB Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most commonly occurring chest wall deformity. It is thought to result from unbalanced growth of the costochondral regions of the anterior chest wall, leading to symmetric and asymmetric abnormalities.1 Meyer and Sauerbruch first reported on the surgical repair of PE in 1911 and 1919, respectively.2,3 In 1949 Ravitch4 set the fundamentals of PE surgical correction, and in 1998 Nuss5 introduced a minimally invasive alternative to the modified Ravitch procedure. The techniques for primary repair of chest wall deformities, including PE, are described in Chapter 141. However, recurrence does occur with these techniques and in experienced hands, it can range from 2% to 10%.