RT Book, Section
A1 Manian, Prasad
A2 Sugarbaker, David J.
A2 Bueno, Raphael
A2 Burt, Bryan M.
A2 Groth, Shawn S.
A2 Loor, Gabriel
A2 Wolf, Andrea S.
A2 Williams, Marcia
A2 Adams, Ann
SR Print(0)
ID 1170412884
T1 Lung Infections: An Overview
T2 Sugarbaker’s Adult Chest Surgery, 3e
YR 2020
FD 2020
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260026931
LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1170412884
RD 2024/04/18
AB The  respiratory  tract  is  in  constant  contact  with  the  environment  and  exposed  to  direct  inoculation  by  infectious  agents.  Various  defense  mechanisms  exist  to  prevent  infections.  Anatomic  barriers  represent  the  first  line  of  defense.  Large  (>5  µm)  airborne  particles  are  trapped  by  the  nasal  cilia.  Intermediate  (1–5  µm)  particles  are  deposited  in  the  trachea  and  bronchi,  and  small  (0.01–1  µm)  particles  are  deposited  in  the  bronchioles  and  alveolar  spaces.  The  respiratory  tract  from  the  trachea  to  the  bronchioles  is  lined  with  ciliary  cells  and  with  goblet  cells  that  secrete  a  thin  layer  of  mucus.  The  rhythmic  beat  of  the  cilia  moves  the  mucus-trapped  material  upward,  which  is  then  cleared  externally  by  the  cough  mechanism  or  swallowed  interiorly  and  eliminated  by  the  gastrointestinal  tract.  This  mechanism  is  called  the  mucociliary  escalator  (Fig.  106-1).