RT Book, Section A1 Mentzer, Steven J. A2 Sugarbaker, David J. A2 Bueno, Raphael A2 Burt, Bryan M. A2 Groth, Shawn S. A2 Loor, Gabriel A2 Wolf, Andrea S. A2 Williams, Marcia A2 Adams, Ann SR Print(0) ID 1170408845 T1 Bronchoscopy, Rigid and Flexible T2 Sugarbaker’s Adult Chest Surgery, 3e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260026931 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1170408845 RD 2024/10/13 AB Visualization of the airways for diagnosis or treatment can involve the use of either flexible or rigid bronchoscopes. Flexible bronchoscopes generally are used for evaluation of the airways as well as diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. In contrast, rigid bronchoscopes are effective in establishing and maintaining airway control in a life-threatening situation, such as acute upper airway obstruction or massive hemoptysis. Although these procedures often can be used interchangeably, the rigid bronchoscope is uniquely suitable for applications that require precise airway measurement (e.g., tracheal stricture) or a large working port (e.g., endobronchial tumor).