RT Book, Section A1 Spight, Donn H. A1 Jobe, Blair A. A1 Hunter, John G. A2 Brunicardi, F. Charles A2 Andersen, Dana K. A2 Billiar, Timothy R. A2 Dunn, David L. A2 Kao, Lillian S. A2 Hunter, John G. A2 Matthews, Jeffrey B. A2 Pollock, Raphael E. SR Print(0) ID 1164309103 T1 Minimally Invasive Surgery, Robotics, Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery, and Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery T2 Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 11e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259835353 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1164309103 RD 2024/10/03 AB Key Points Minimally invasive surgery describes a philosophical approach to surgery in which access trauma is minimized without compromising the quality of the surgical procedure. The carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum used for laparoscopy induces some unique pathophysiologic consequences. Robotic surgery has been most valuable in the performance of minimally invasive urologic, gynecologic, colorectal, and complex abdominal wall reconstruction procedures. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery represents an opportunity to perform truly scar-free surgery. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery reduces the amount of abdominal wall trauma but presents unique challenges to the traditional tenets of laparoscopic ergonomics. Laparoscopy during pregnancy is best performed in the second trimester and is safe if appropriate monitoring is performed. Laparoscopic surgery for cancer is also appropriate if good tissue handling techniques are maintained. Training for laparoscopy requires practice outside of the operating room in a simulation laboratory.