RT Book, Section A1 Nahrwold, David L. A2 Zinner, Michael J. A2 Ashley, Stanley W. A2 Hines, O. Joe SR Print(0) ID 1160036740 T1 Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Historical Perspective T2 Maingot's Abdominal Operations, 13e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071843072 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160036740 RD 2024/04/24 AB Surgeons continue to have brilliant ideas and use amazing technology to bring safe and effective surgery to people all over the world, but it was not always so. The evolution of surgery to its present state has taken at least 200 years, and surgery is still evolving. Each of the many abdominal operations surgeons now performed has its own special history, from the idea that spawned it to the present state of its art. Abdominal operations were brought to fruition by innovative surgeons who carefully planned them and had the courage to perform them and the wisdom to modify and improve them.