TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Sepsis, Severe Sepsis, and Septic Shock
A1  - Han, Jenny
A1  - Cribbs, Sushma K.
A1  - Martin, Greg S.
A2  - Hall, Jesse B.
A2  - Schmidt, Gregory A.
A2  - Kress, John P.
PY  - 2015
T2  - Principles of Critical Care, 4e
AB  - The  definition  of  sepsis  is  two  or  more  systemic  inflammatory  response  criteria  plus  a  known  or  suspected  infection.Severe  sepsis  is  sepsis  with  acute  organ  dysfunction.  Acute  organ  dysfunction  can  manifest  in  any  organ,  and  frequently  manifests  clinically  as  shock,  respiratory  failure,  acute  kidney  injury,  hematologic  or  metabolic  disturbances,  or  neurologic  decline.  Septic  shock  is  a  form  of  severe  sepsis  where  the  organ  dysfunction  involves  the  cardiovascular  system.Sepsis  results  in  a  complex  set  of  interactions  between  the  inciting  microbes  and  the  host  immune  response,  which  triggers  the  inflammatory  cascade  and  coagulation  pathway.Management  of  sepsis  patients  involves  early  infection  recognition,  source  control,  fluid  therapy,  antibiotics,  and  hemodynamic  supportive  care.  Early  goal-directed  therapy  is  the  term  for  current  early  fluid  resuscitation  strategies  that  target  central  venous  or  mixed  venous  oxygen  saturation.The  most  common  parameters  used  in  monitoring  septic  patients  are  pulse  oximetry,  arterial  blood  pressure,  central  venous  pressure,  central  venous  or  mixed  venous  oxygen  saturation,  and  blood  lactate.  Other  parameters  that  may  guide  therapy  include  cardiac  output,  systemic  vascular  resistance,  and  extravascular  lung  water.  Each  of  these  parameters  is  complementary  and  may  assist  in  both  the  early  and  late  management  of  sepsis,  organ  dysfunction,  and  shock.Sepsis  care  bundles  have  become  an  integral  part  of  the  “Surviving  Sepsis  Campaign,”  which  aimed  to  improve  survival  from  severe  sepsis.  These  multifaceted  interventions  facilitate  compliance  with  evidence-based  guideline  recommendations  by  creating  two  “bundles”  that  are  sequentially  completed  at  6  and  24  hours.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1107719987
ER  -