TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Tracheal Stenosis and Tracheomalacia A1 - Herrera, Patricio A1 - Chiu, Priscilla P. L. A1 - Kim, Peter C. W. A2 - Ziegler, Moritz M. A2 - Azizkhan, Richard G. A2 - Allmen, Daniel von A2 - Weber, Thomas R. PY - 2014 T2 - Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2e AB - Tracheal narrowing due to fixed (ie, complete tracheal rings) and/or dynamic (eg, tracheomalacia) airway obstruction can cause life-threatening respiratory distress in infants and children.Expedient investigations for tracheal stenosis must include echocardiography, cross-sectional imaging by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bronchoscopy to determine the cause and define the extent of airway compromise.Optimal management of tracheal obstruction requires a multidisciplinary and yet individualized approach. Conservative management without surgical intervention may be warranted in select patients depending on severity of symptoms and extent of narrowing as the airway caliber in congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) and tracheomalacia will improve with patient growth in many cases. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1100432926 ER -