TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Radiotherapy of Urologic Tumors A1 - Li, Yun Rose A1 - Gottschalk, Alexander R. A1 - Roach III, Mack A2 - McAninch, Jack W. A2 - Lue, Tom F. PY - 2020 T2 - Smith & Tanagho's General Urology, 19e AB - Radiation has played an important role in the primary management of genitourologic malignancies for more than 100 years. In 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen described x-rays; by 1899, a patient with skin cancer was cured with radiation; and within 10 years, radiation was used to treat prostate cancer. Radiotherapy has become a mainstay of treatment for cancers arising from the bladder and testes and prostate and to a lesser degree of penile, urethral, and kidney cancers as megavoltage sources became available, despite advances in chemotherapy and aggressive surgery. Moreover, the advent of dose-escalated, short-course radiation therapy such as stereotactic body radiation (SBRT), has opened new avenues for the use of radiation in the treatment of genitourinary malignancies (Gonzalez-Motta and Roach, 2017; Kishan et al, 2019a; Morgan et al, 2018). In this chapter, we review general principles and the indications for using radiation as a component in the primary management of urologic malignant diseases. Although radiation also plays a major role as an agent of palliation, this information has been well documented elsewhere and is excluded from this chapter (Hansen and Roach, 2018; Bourgeois 3rd et al, 2011; Carl et al, 2019). SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1171184505 ER -