TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Endoscopic Treatment of Achalasia
A1  - Arevalo Santana, Lubin F.
A1  - Othman, Mohamed O.
A1  - Wee, Jon O.
A1  - Groth, Shawn S.
A2  - Sugarbaker, David J.
A2  - Bueno, Raphael
A2  - Burt, Bryan M.
A2  - Groth, Shawn S.
A2  - Loor, Gabriel
A2  - Wolf, Andrea S.
A2  - Williams, Marcia
A2  - Adams, Ann
PY  - 2020
T2  - Sugarbaker’s Adult Chest Surgery, 3e
AB  - Achalasia  is  a  primary  esophageal  motility  disorder  characterized  by  abnormal  relaxation  of  the  lower  esophageal  sphincter  (LES)  and  absent  esophageal  peristalsis.  The  incidence  rate  is  approximately  1  in  100,000,  and  the  prevalence  is  approximately  10  in  100,000.1  This  uncommon  disease  stands  out  among  the  esophageal  motility  disorders  as  the  most  clearly  defined  and  successfully  treated.  Although  this  disease  has  well-defined  clinical,  manometric,  and  radiographic  signs,  the  etiology  is  still  unknown.  Proposed  etiologies  include  autoimmune,  neurodegenerative,  viral,  and  hereditary  processes  that,  whether  alone  or  in  combination,  lead  to  an  inflammatory  response  that  results  in  loss  of  inhibitory  myenteric  neurons.2  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1170407525
ER  -