TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Congenital Nasal Anomalies
A1  - Suurna, Maria V.
A1  - Maurrasse, Sarah E.
A2  - Lalwani, Anil K.
PY  - 2020
T2  - Current Diagnosis & Treatment Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 4e
AB  - Nasal  development  occurs  during  weeks  4  through  10  of  gestation  and  begins  when  migrating  neural  crest  cells  populate  the  frontonasal  prominence  and  form  the  nasal  placodes.  These  placodes  appear  as  convex  thickenings  on  the  surface  ectoderm  of  the  frontonasal  prominence  and  later  form  the  olfactory  epithelium.  By  the  fifth  week,  a  central  depression  appears  in  the  placodes  to  form  the  primitive  nasal  pit.  The  nasal  pit  separates  the  lateral  nasal  prominence  on  the  outer  edge  from  the  medial  nasal  prominence  on  the  inner  aspect.  Mesenchymal  proliferation  around  the  nasal  placodes  allows  these  horseshoe-shaped  prominences  to  fuse  with  the  maxillary  process  to  form  the  anterior  nares.  The  depression  separating  the  maxillary  prominence  from  the  lateral  nasal  prominence  is  known  as  the  nasolacrimal  groove,  and  eventually  gives  rise  to  the  nasolacrimal  duct.  The  nasal  pits  grow  toward  the  oral  cavity  and  develop  into  the  early  nasal  fossae.  The  bucconasal  membrane  separates  the  nasal  cavities  from  the  oral  cavity.  This  membrane  subsequently  disappears,  allowing  for  communication  of  the  nasal  cavities  with  the  oral  cavity,  forming  the  primitive  posterior  nasal  choanae.  The  medial  nasal  prominence  gives  rise  to  part  of  the  nasal  septum  and  the  medial  crus  of  the  lower  lateral  alar  cartilage.  The  lateral  nasal  prominence  develops  into  the  external  wall  of  the  nose,  nasal  bones,  upper  lateral  cartilage,  alae,  and  lateral  crus  of  the  lower  lateral  cartilage.  The  frontonasal  process  lies  in  the  midline  and  is  the  precursor  to  the  nasal  septum  and  palate  (Figure  11–1).  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/17
UR  - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1169073915
ER  -