TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Cancer of the Anus A1 - Mahmoud, Najjia N. A2 - Zinner, Michael J. A2 - Ashley, Stanley W. A2 - Hines, O. Joe PY - 2019 T2 - Maingot's Abdominal Operations, 13e AB - Cancers of the anus are rare problems with diverse histology. While squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal remains by far the most common of these neoplasms and the main focus of the chapter, the anus may also harbor tumors such as adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and basal cell carcinoma. The treatment of anal cancer has undergone dramatic changes in the last 25 years. Multimodality treatment consisting of radiation and chemotherapy has replaced abdominoperineal resection or wide local excision as the mainstay of therapy. Five-year survival rates now exceed 80% and radical surgery is reserved for cancers of the anal canal that do not respond to chemoradiation or that recur locally. Our understanding of the etiology and epidemiology of anal SCC and its precursor lesions has also profoundly changed in the past few decades yielding new initiatives in both therapy and prevention that may further alter the future treatment of this disease. Anal cancer is clearly a disease that benefits from multispecialty intervention. Because of this, the treatment of anal cancer serves as a paradigm for the multimodality treatment of cancer. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160043868 ER -