TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Pancoast Syndrome: Extended Resection in Superior Pulmonary Sulcus and Anterior Approach A1 - Urschel, Harold C. A1 - Krasna, Mark J. A2 - Sugarbaker, David J. A2 - Bueno, Raphael A2 - Colson, Yolonda L. A2 - Jaklitsch, Michael T. A2 - Krasna, Mark J. A2 - Mentzer, Steven J. A2 - Williams, Marcia A2 - Adams, Ann Y1 - 2015 N1 - T2 - Adult Chest Surgery, 2e AB - Approximately 5% of all non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are located in the extreme apex of the lung, frequently with involvement of some combination of the first and second ribs, brachial plexus, subclavian vessels, and upper thoracic vertebral bodies. This phenomenon is referred to as a superior sulcus carcinoma, indicating tumor location in the uppermost portion of the costovertebral gutter within the chest. Pancoast syndrome refers to superior sulcus tumors along with the triad of (1) shoulder and arm pain, (2) wasting of the hand muscles, and (3) ipsilateral Horner syndrome (i.e., ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis due invasion of the stellate ganglion). Henry Pancoast was a radiologist who described these findings in 1932 but failed to recognize the pulmonary origin of these tumors. Unaware of Pancoast report, Tobias, an Argentine physician, described similar clinical findings and ascribed them to the presence of peripheral lung tumors. Pancoast–Tobias syndrome is perhaps a more appropriate eponym for this entity. Anatomically, the superior pulmonary sulcus is the area on the superior surface of the lung traversed by the subclavian vessels and encircled by the first rib and spine (Fig. 80-1). It also may be described as the thoracic outlet or thoracic inlet. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/13 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105842815 ER -