TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Acute Limb Ischemia A1 - Mouawad, Nicolas J. A1 - Nasif, Abdullah A2 - Nazzal, Munier A2 - Blebea, John A2 - Osman, Mohamed F. Y1 - 2024 N1 - T2 - Vascular and Endovascular Surgery: Clinical Diagnosis and Management AB - The history of the recognition and surgical treatment of lower limb ischemia dates back to the Middle Ages. The twin Saints Comas and Damian were ascribed to have saved a gangrenous limb in the thirteenth century and became patrons of future surgeons. The physicians who followed developed the theories of blood flow, anatomy of the arterial circulation, and recognition that occlusive disease was the cause of limb ischemia and gangrene. Innovative physicians developed the techniques of arterial surgery and bypass grafting to restore limb blood flow and allow the healing of lesions. In the 1960s, the era of endovascular intervention began through the pioneering work of Charles Dotter who developed techniques to image diseased arteries during a recanalization procedure. The development of guide wires, angioplasty balloons, and stents quickly followed. Management of lower limb ischemia and the diabetic foot will continue to evolve, building on the history and passion of preceding physicians and surgeons.1 SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/09/17 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1200678093 ER -