TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Open Cholecystectomy A1 - Ellison, E. Christopher A1 - Zollinger, Jr., Robert M. A1 - Pawlik, Timothy M. A1 - Vaccaro, Patrick S. A1 - Bitans, Marita A1 - Baker, Anthony S. Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Zollinger’s Atlas of Surgical Operations, 11e AB - The indications for cholecystectomy are similar whether a laparoscopic or traditional open approach is performed (see Chapter 73). Today, most patients have a laparoscopic procedure to remove their gallbladder. The procedure described here is called open and is most commonly performed at a conversion to open when the initial laparoscopic approach encounters complex technical events (e.g., swollen, gangrenous gallbladder, confusing anatomy, abnormal cholangiogram) or major complications (e.g., ductal, vascular, or bowel injury) that are best treated with open exposure. Although open cholecystectomy is no longer the primary operation of choice, its mastery is essential for surgeons who perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A safe surgeon knows when it is appropriate to convert to an open operation and does not risk endangering the safety of patients in order to complete the procedure laparoscopically at all costs. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1187822172 ER -