TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Transplantation A1 - Gruessner, Angelika C. A1 - Dunn, David L. A1 - Gruessner, Rainer W.G. A2 - Brunicardi, F. Charles A2 - Andersen, Dana K. A2 - Billiar, Timothy R. A2 - Dunn, David L. A2 - Kao, Lillian S. A2 - Hunter, John G. A2 - Matthews, Jeffrey B. A2 - Pollock, Raphael E. Y1 - 2019 N1 - T2 - Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 11e AB - Key Points The field of transplantation has made tremendous advances in the last 50 years, mainly due to refinements in surgical technique and development of effective immunosuppressive medications. Although immunosuppressive medications are essential for transplantation, they are associated with significant short- and long-term morbidity. Opportunistic infections can be significantly lowered by the use of appropriate antimicrobial agents. Kidney transplantation represents the treatment of choice for almost all patients with end-stage renal disease. The gap between demand (patients on the waiting list) and supply (available kidneys) continues to widen. Pancreas transplantation represents the most reliable way to achieve euglycemia in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. The results of islet transplantation continue to improve but still trail those of pancreas transplantation. Liver transplantation has become the standard of care for many patients with end-stage liver failure and/or liver cancer. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1164308389 ER -