TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Options for Soft Tissue Chest Wall Reconstruction A1 - Orgill, Dennis P. A1 - Butler, Charles E. A1 - Fine, Neil A. A2 - Sugarbaker, David J. A2 - Bueno, Raphael A2 - Colson, Yolonda L. A2 - Jaklitsch, Michael T. A2 - Krasna, Mark J. A2 - Mentzer, Steven J. A2 - Williams, Marcia A2 - Adams, Ann PY - 2015 T2 - Adult Chest Surgery, 2e AB - The bony thorax with its overlying muscles and integument creates a cage that protects the relatively fragile heart, great vessels, lungs, esophagus, and large lymphatics. Disruption of the thorax by trauma, tumor, congenital anomaly, infection, or surgical intervention can have potentially lethal consequences. Advances in cardiac and thoracic surgery have enabled surgeons to operate safely within these cavities. Positive pressure ventilation with the use of selective tubes and bronchial blockers permits surgeons to open the pleural spaces and continue respiration while the pleural cavity is disrupted. Advances in cardiac surgery include cardiopulmonary bypass, intra-aortic balloon pumps, and ventricular assist devices that permit continued or augmented perfusion with oxygenated blood. These advances combined with a better understanding of biomaterials,1–3 tissue-engineered solutions, and advances in plastic and reconstructive surgery4–6 have allowed more complex sternal and chest wall defects to be successfully reconstructed. In this chapter we will focus our efforts on the multidisciplinary approach to reconstruction of the chest and highlight the three most common flaps used for large defects: the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, and omental flaps. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105846258 ER -