TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Urinary Tract Obstruction A1 - Carr, Michael C. A1 - Snyder, Howard M. A2 - Ziegler, Moritz M. A2 - Azizkhan, Richard G. A2 - Allmen, Daniel von A2 - Weber, Thomas R. PY - 2014 T2 - Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2e AB - Meatal stenosis is a condition that alters the direction of the urinary stream, but is not worrisome for obstruction of the urinary tract.Posterior urethral valves present as a spectrum, from in utero obstruction which can be lethal due to pulmonary hypoplasia to a boy with persistent bedwetting and daytime incontinence. Long-term follow-up is critical to minimize the complications due to “valve-bladder syndrome.”Dilated ureters that are discovered prenatally can be due to ectopic ureters, primary obstructed megaureters, or ureteroceles.The management of megaureters has evolved, with many megaureters showing improvement and complete resolution with expectant management. Long-term follow-up is beneficial through adolescence to look for indolent obstructive changes over time.Antenatal hydronephrosis can represent a ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction, but the onus is on the clinician to demonstrate the presence of obstruction since the majority of patients detected are asymptomatic. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1100436445 ER -