TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 8. Percutaneous Endourology & Ureterorenoscopy A1 - Thüroff, Joachim W. A1 - Gillitzer, Rolf A2 - McAninch, Jack W. A2 - Lue, Tom F. PY - 2013 T2 - Smith & Tanagho's General Urology, 18e AB - Retrograde instrumentation of the upper urinary tract, such as ureterorenoscopy, uses under endoscopic guidance the anatomically predestined access via the urethra and ureter, while techniques of antegrade instrumentation require a percutaneous puncture. This approach must respect the intrarenal anatomy just as in open surgical nephrotomy, and imaging techniques are required to guide the procedure. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56941408 ER -