TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Renal Failure A1 - Lucas, Charles E. A1 - Ledgerwood, Anna M. A2 - Moore, Ernest E. A2 - Feliciano, David V. A2 - Mattox, Kenneth L. PY - 2017 T2 - Trauma, 8e AB - The average 70-kg person has 42 L of water divided into the intracellular space (ICF) of 28 L and the extracellular space (ECF) of 14 L. The ICF is subdivided into the red blood cell (RBC) mass of 2 L and the visceral mass of 26 L; the ECF is subdivided into a plasma volume (PV) of 3 L and an interstitial fluid space (IFS) volume of 11 L. The cardiac output (CO) in this 70-kg person is 5 L/min with 20% of this flow going to kidneys; thus the kidneys, with a combined weight of about 600 g, have a renal blood flow (RBF) of 1250 mL/min or more than 2 mL/min/g of renal parenchymal. This unusually large RBF reflects the vital renal role in regulating the ICF and ECF, controlling fluid and electrolyte balance, modulating acid-base balance, and excreting undesirable catabolyes.1,2 Protection of renal function is essential for recovery after a shock or septic insult. This chapter reviews normal renal physiology, the renal response to shock and sepsis, guidelines for prevention and treatment of acute renal failure (ARF). SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1141192481 ER -