Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content + • Elevated serum potassium +++ Epidemiology + • Severe trauma• Burns• Crush injuries• Renal insufficiency• Marked catabolism• Addison disease +++ Symptoms and Signs + • Nausea• Vomiting• Colicky abdominal pain• Diarrhea +++ Laboratory Findings + • Elevated serum potassium• Peaked T waves• Wide QRS• Depressed ST segment + • Addison disease +++ Rule Out + • Hemolysis• Leukocytosis• Thrombocytosis (> 1,000,000/µL• Abnormalities of acid-base status (acidosis)• Addison disease + • Serum electrolytes• CBC with platelets + • IV 100 mL D50 with 20 U regular insulin• IV NaHCO3• IV calcium• Sodium polystyrene sulfonate orally or by enema (40-80 g/d)• Hemodialysis• β-Agonists (inhaled) +++ Medications + • D50/insulin• Calcium• Sodium polystyrene sulfonate• NaHCO3• Albuterol +++ Treatment Monitoring + • Serum electrolytes• ECG +++ Complications + • Diastolic cardiac arrest +++ Prognosis + • Excellent +++ References ++Greenberg A. Hyperkalemia: treatment options. Semin Nephrol. 1998;18:46. [PubMed: 9459288] ++Mahoney BA. et al. Emergency interventions for hyperkalaemia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005, (2):CD003235. Your Access profile is currently affiliated with [InstitutionA] and is in the process of switching affiliations to [InstitutionB]. Please select how you would like to proceed. Keep the current affiliation with [InstitutionA] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Switch affiliation to [InstitutionB] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Error: Incorrect UserName or Password Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Sign in Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Download the Access App: iOS | Android Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth You already have access! Please proceed to your institution's subscription. Create a free profile for additional features.