Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content + • Elevated serum potassium ++ Epidemiology + • Severe trauma• Burns• Crush injuries• Renal insufficiency• Marked catabolism• Addison disease ++ Symptoms and Signs + • Nausea• Vomiting• Colicky abdominal pain• Diarrhea ++ Laboratory Findings + • Elevated serum potassium• Peaked T waves• Wide QRS• Depressed ST segment + • Addison disease ++ Rule Out + • Hemolysis• Leukocytosis• Thrombocytosis (> 1,000,000/µL• Abnormalities of acid-base status (acidosis)• Addison disease + • Serum electrolytes• CBC with platelets + • IV 100 mL D50 with 20 U regular insulin• IV NaHCO3• IV calcium• Sodium polystyrene sulfonate orally or by enema (40-80 g/d)• Hemodialysis• β-Agonists (inhaled) ++ Medications + • D50/insulin• Calcium• Sodium polystyrene sulfonate• NaHCO3• Albuterol ++ Treatment Monitoring + • Serum electrolytes• ECG ++ Complications + • Diastolic cardiac arrest ++ Prognosis + • Excellent ++ References ++Greenberg A. Hyperkalemia: treatment options. Semin Nephrol. 1998;18:46. [PubMed: 9459288] ++Mahoney BA. et al. Emergency interventions for hyperkalaemia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005, (2):CD003235. GET ACCESS TO THIS RESOURCE Sign In Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Forgot Username? Forgot Password? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth Get Free Access Through Your Institution Contact your institution's library to ask if they subscribe to McGraw-Hill Medical Products. Access My Subscription GET ACCESS TO THIS RESOURCE Subscription Options Pay Per View Timed Access to all of AccessSurgery 24 Hour $34.95 (USD) Buy Now 48 Hour $54.95 (USD) Buy Now Best Value AccessSurgery Full Site: One-Year Individual Subscription $995 USD Buy Now View All Subscription Options