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Alkalosis, Metabolic

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    Disclaimer: These citations have been automatically generated based on the information we have and it may not be 100% accurate. Please consult the latest official manual style if you have any questions regarding the format accuracy.

    AMA Citation
    Alkalosis, Metabolic. In: Doherty GM. Doherty G.M.(Ed.),Ed. Gerard M. Doherty.eds. Quick Answers Surgery. McGraw-Hill; Accessed July 04, 2020. https://accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=853&sectionid=49661982
    APA Citation
    Alkalosis, metabolic. Doherty GM. Doherty G.M.(Ed.),Ed. Gerard M. Doherty. (2010). Quick Answers Surgery. McGraw-Hill. https://accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=853&sectionid=49661982
    MLA Citation
    "Alkalosis, Metabolic." Quick Answers Surgery Doherty GM. Doherty G.M.(Ed.),Ed. Gerard M. Doherty. McGraw-Hill, 2010, https://accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=853&sectionid=49661982.

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  • • Elevated serum pH (> 7.45)

    • Increased serum HCO3

Epidemiology

  • • Most common acid-base disturbance in surgical patients

    • Pathogenesis involves loss of H+ via NG suction, volume depletion, and hypokalemia

Laboratory Findings

  • • Elevated serum pH

    • Increased serum HCO3

    • Paradoxical aciduria

    • Hypokalemia

  • • May be mixed, most commonly with respiratory acidosis, but ventilatory compensation is limited

    • Usually marked volume depletion

  • • Serum electrolytes

    • ABG measurement

    • Urine electrolytes

    • Urine pH

  • • Fluid resuscitation (usually with normal saline)

    • Potassium repletion as KCl

Treatment Monitoring

  • • Serial ABG measurement

Prognosis

  • • Excellent

Prevention

  • • Maintain euvolemia

    • Potassium supplementation

References

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Adrogue HJ et al. Management of life-threatening acid-base disorders. (Two parts.) N Engl J Med. 1998;338:26, 107.

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