As a final safety measure to reinforce the closure, interrupted sutures may be taken in the anterior wall of the duodenum and, superficially, in the capsule of the pancreas (Figures 21 and 22). While the duodenal stump is being closed, the common duct should be visualized and its relationship determined from time to time, so that there is no possibility of its accidental angulation, injury, or obstruction as a result of inverting the duodenal stump. The gallbladder, if present, should be compressed to provide evidence of a nonobstructed common duct. If uncertainty exists, contrast dye may be placed into the gall-bladder using a fine-gauge needle and the site oversewn with a 000 suture. Compression of the gallbladder will force the dye into the common duct and duodenum as shown on an x-ray film of the region.