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Chapter 20. Colorectal
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Risk factors associated with colorectal cancer include which one of the following?
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A. Irritable bowel syndrome
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B. Low intake of dietary fiber
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C. Low intake of red meat
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D. Chronic aspirin therapy
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Answer: B. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, but there is no association with irritable bowel syndrome. Other factors associated with increased risk are a low intake of dietary fiber and a high intake of red meat. Risk has been shown to be reduced by regular ingestion of aspirin.
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Surgery for liver metastases from colorectal cancer is:
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A. Associated with a 10% mortality
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B. Contraindicated if more than 1 lesion is present
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C. Associated with 16% to 40% 5-year survival
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D. Usually followed with consolidation radiotherapy
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Answer: C. Surgery for liver metastases from colorectal cancer is associated with a 2% mortality, can be performed if more than 1 lesion is present, and is associated with 16% to 40% 5-year survival. Radiotherapy is not used for liver metastases, as the toxicity to normal liver tissue would be too severe.
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A. A monoclonal antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
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B. A monoclonal antibody that targets EGFR
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C. A drug that has no proven survival benefit in the metastatic setting
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D. A standard treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer in the UK
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Answer: A. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets VEGF. It has been shown to improve survival in the metastatic setting when used in combination with chemotherapy.
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Which statement about ulcerative colitis with malignancy is true?
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A. It has a better prognosis
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B. It is related to disease activity
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C. It is related to the duration of ulcerative colitis
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D. Malignancy is greater in anorectal ulcerative colitis
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Answer: C. Carcinoma of the colon afflicts patients with ulcerative colitis 7 to 30 times more frequently than it does the general population. The risk of colon cancer in ulcerative colitis is related to 2 factors: (1) duration of the colitis ...