Chapter 45: Pediatric Surgery

Chapter 45. Pediatric Surgery

What would be the most common electrolyte and acid-base abnormality seen in a 5-week-old infant with ongoing emesis from pyloric stenosis?

A. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

B. Hypernatremic metabolic acidosis

C. Hyponatremic metabolic acidosis

D. Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

E. Hyponatremic metabolic alkalosis

The correct answer is D. Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

What is the most appropriate diagnostic test for an otherwise healthy 2-month-old infant with new-onset bilious emesis?

A. Ultrasound

B. Upper gastrointestinal series

C. Computed tomography (CT) scan of abdomen and pelvis

D. Contrast enema

E. Esophagram

The correct answer is B. Upper gastrointestinal series

Which of the following is the most appropriate management strategy for an otherwise healthy 2-year-old boy seen in the surgery clinic with an asymptomatic umbilical hernia?

A. Repair the hernia electively within the next few weeks due to risk of incarceration.

B. Inform the parents that repair is not indicated unless the hernia becomes symptomatic or enlarges over time.

C. CT scan should be attained to determine the size of the hernia defect.

D. Reassure the parents that repair is not needed until 4-5 years of age to allow for spontaneous resolution.

E. Admit the child to the hospital for urgent repair.

The correct answer is D. Reassure the parents that repair is not needed until 4-5 years of age to allow for spontaneous resolution

The most common types of anorectal malformation (ARM) seen in boys and girls are:

A. Rectoperineal fistula and rectovestibular fistula, respectively

B. Rectovesical fistula and rectovestibular fistula, respectively

C. Rectoperineal fistula and cloacal malformation, respectively

D. Rectourethral fistula and rectovestibular fistula, respectively

E. ARM without a fistula (blind-ending rectum) and rectourethral fistula and cloacal malformation, respectively

The correct answer is D. Rectourethral fistula and rectovestibular fistula, respectively

Which of the following is ...