++
Chapter 13. Acute Pulmonary Failure in Surgical Patients
++
++
++
The pulmonary failure of shock, trauma, and sepsis:
++
++
++
A. Can be related to products of coagulation and inflammation that are washed out from the damaged tissues.
++
++
B. Can be effectively treated with a combination of antibiotics and corticosteroids.
++
++
C. Is always related to systemic infection.
++
++
D. Is caused by a decrease in pulmonary vascular permeability.
++
++
+
++
The correct answer is A. Can be related to products of coagulation and inflammation that are washed out from the damaged tissues
++
++
++
All of the following are true about pressure support ventilation, except:
++
++
++
A. PSV is a pressure-limited ventilator mode.
++
++
B. PSV includes a set inspiratory time.
++
++
C. PSV breaths are patient-triggered.
++
++
D. Inspiratory flow is adjusted to maintain airway pressure.
++
++
E. PSV can be combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation.
+
++
The correct answer is B. PSV includes a set inspiratory time
++
++
++
The Berlin criteria for ARDS include all of the following except:
++
++
++
A. Acute onset of hypoxemia.
++
++
B. Positive sputum cultures.
++
++
C. Bilateral infiltrates on CXR or CT scan.
++
++
D. PaO2:FIO2 less than 300.
+
++
The correct answer is B. Positive sputum cultures
++
++
++
Indication for intubation include the following except:
++
++
++
A. Significant hypercarbia.
++
++
B. Tachypnea with significant work of breathing and use of accessory muscles.
++
++
C. Need for excessive sedation as in prolonged and painful burn dressings.
++
++
+
++
The correct answer is D. GCS < 14
++
++
++
Which of the following is not an element of a typical ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention bundle?
++
++
++
A. Oral care with chlorhexidine.
++
++
B. Prophylactic antibiotics.
++
++
C. Head of bed elevation.
++
++
D. Stress ulcer prophylaxis with H2 blockers or PPI.
++...