Chapter 13: Acute Pulmonary Failure in Surgical Patients

Chapter 13. Acute Pulmonary Failure in Surgical Patients

The pulmonary failure of shock, trauma, and sepsis:

A. Can be related to products of coagulation and inflammation that are washed out from the damaged tissues.

B. Can be effectively treated with a combination of antibiotics and corticosteroids.

C. Is always related to systemic infection.

D. Is caused by a decrease in pulmonary vascular permeability.

E. Both A and C.

The correct answer is A. Can be related to products of coagulation and inflammation that are washed out from the damaged tissues

All of the following are true about pressure support ventilation, except:

A. PSV is a pressure-limited ventilator mode.

B. PSV includes a set inspiratory time.

C. PSV breaths are patient-triggered.

D. Inspiratory flow is adjusted to maintain airway pressure.

E. PSV can be combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation.

The correct answer is B. PSV includes a set inspiratory time

The Berlin criteria for ARDS include all of the following except:

A. Acute onset of hypoxemia.

B. Positive sputum cultures.

C. Bilateral infiltrates on CXR or CT scan.

D. PaO₂:FIO₂ less than 300.

The correct answer is B. Positive sputum cultures

Indication for intubation include the following except:

A. Significant hypercarbia.

B. Tachypnea with significant work of breathing and use of accessory muscles.

C. Need for excessive sedation as in prolonged and painful burn dressings.

D. GCS < 14.

The correct answer is D. GCS < 14

Which of the following is not an element of a typical ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention bundle?

A. Oral care with chlorhexidine.

B. Prophylactic antibiotics.

C. Head of bed elevation.

D. Stress ulcer prophylaxis with H2 blockers or PPI.