Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content +++ TEST TAKING TIPS ++ Test Taking Tips Manifestations of trace element deficiencies (eg, chromium, zinc, copper, etc) tend to be a recurring theme on the test. Know the basics of TPN. Learn the indications, content, and adverse effects. Do not confuse the ECG findings associated with various electrolyte abnormalities. +++ FLUIDS +++ Name the 2 major body fluid compartments: ++ Intracellular and extracellular +++ Extracellular fluid is divided into these 2 subcompartments: ++ Interstitial fluid and intravascular fluid +++ Mnemonic for the composition of body fluid: ++ 60, 40, 20; 60% total body weight fluid, 40% total body weight intracellular, 20% total body weight extracellular +++ Approximate percentage of body weight that is fluid: ++ 60% +++ Approximate percentage of body fluid that is extracellular: ++ 33% +++ Approximate percentage of body weight that is intracellular: ++ 66% +++ Percentage of extracellular fluid within the vascular compartment in the venous system: ++ 85% +++ Percentage of extracellular fluid within the vascular compartment in the arterial system: ++ 15% +++ The approximate percentage of body weight that blood accounts for in an adult: ++ 7% (so to estimate how many liters of blood in a 70-kg man; 0.07 × 70 kg = 5 liters) +++ Requirement of water per 24-hour period: ++ ~30 to 35 mL/kg ++ FIGURE 7-1. Chemical composition of body fluid compartments. (Reproduced form Brunicardi FC, Anderson DK, Billiar TR, et al. Schwartz's Principles of Surgery. 9th ed. http://www.accessmedicine.com. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.) Graphic Jump LocationView Full Size||Download Slide (.ppt) +++ Requirement of sodium per 24-hour period: ++ ~1 to 2 mEq/kg +++ Requirement of chloride per 24-hour period: ++ ~1.5 mEq/kg +++ Requirement of potassium per 24-hour period: ++ ~1 mEq/kg +++ Name the sources and the amount of normal daily water loss: ++ Respiratory losses: 500 to 700 cc Sweat: 200 to 400 cc Urine: 1200 to 1500 cc Feces: 100 to 200 cc +++ Name the sources and the amount of insensible fluid loss: ++ Skin: ~300 cc/24 h Breathing: 500 to 700 cc/24 h Feces: 100 to 200 cc/24 h +++ General rate of fluid loss during an open abdominal procedure in the absence of measurable blood loss: ++ 0.5 to 1.0 L/h +++ Name the sources and the amount of normal daily ... Your Access profile is currently affiliated with [InstitutionA] and is in the process of switching affiliations to [InstitutionB]. Please select how you would like to proceed. Keep the current affiliation with [InstitutionA] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Switch affiliation to [InstitutionB] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Error: Incorrect UserName or Password Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Sign in Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Download the Access App: iOS | Android Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth You already have access! Please proceed to your institution's subscription. Create a free profile for additional features.