Cell Biology

TEST TAKING TIP

CELL WALL

Which cell wall component increases membrane fluidity?

• Cholesterol

What are the 3 main lipid classes found in the cell membrane?

• Phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids

What percentages of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid compose the plasma membrane?

• Protein: 60%, carbohydrate: 1% to 10%, and lipid: 40%

What are the most common phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

• Phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine

Which portion of the cell wall provides capacitance (ability to store charge)?

• Lipid portion of plasma membrane

Which portion provides ability to resist charge?

• Protein portion

What is the difference between surface antigens in the ABO system versus HLA system?

• ABO = glycolipids

• HLA = glycoproteins

Name the adhesion molecules that anchor a cell to other cells or the extracellular matrix:

• Desmosomes/hemidesmosomes

Cell-cell occluding junctions that form an impermeable barrier:

• Tight junctions

Toxic portion of lipopolysaccharide complex:

• Lipid A

CELL STRUCTURES

Name the thin filaments that interact with myosin:

• Actin

Name the thick filaments that slide along actin utilizing ATP:

• Myosin

Intermediate filament found in hair and nails:

• Keratin

Intermediate filament found in muscle:

• Desmin

Intermediate filament found in fibroblasts:

• Vimentin

Form specialized cellular structures such as mitotic spindles, cilia, and neuronal axons; forms lattice inside the cell to aid in transport of organelles in cell:

• Microtubules

Specialized microtubule that form spindle fibers during cell division:

• Centriole

Structural component of cell that synthesizes exported proteins:

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Structural component of cell that detoxifies drugs and is involved with lipid/steroid synthesis:

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Structural component of a cell that uses carbohydrates to modify proteins and targets proteins to lysosomes:

• Golgi apparatus

Structure inside the cell that has a double ...