RT Book, Section A1 Lin, Jules A1 Chang, Andrew C. A2 Sugarbaker, David J. A2 Bueno, Raphael A2 Colson, Yolonda L. A2 Jaklitsch, Michael T. A2 Krasna, Mark J. A2 Mentzer, Steven J. A2 Williams, Marcia A2 Adams, Ann SR Print(0) ID 1105848078 T1 Genomics, Molecular Markers, and Targeted Therapies in Esophageal Cancer T2 Adult Chest Surgery, 2e YR 2015 FD 2015 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-178189-3 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105848078 RD 2024/04/24 AB Esophageal carcinomas remain a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the prognosis remains poor with 5-year overall survival of only 17%.1 In the mid-1990s, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) overtook squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as the most common esophageal cancer in the United States.2,3 Risk factors include smoking, obesity, and Barrett metaplasia secondary to gastroesophageal reflux, whereas infection with Helicobacter pylori appears to be protective.4