RT Book, Section A1 Lee, Brian K. A1 Vincenti, Flavio G. A2 McAninch, Jack W. A2 Lue, Tom F. SR Print(0) ID 56949413 T1 Chapter 35. Chronic Kidney Disease & Renal Replacement Therapy T2 Smith & Tanagho's General Urology, 18e YR 2013 FD 2013 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-162497-8 LK accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56949413 RD 2024/04/20 AB In chronic kidney disease (CKD), reduced clearance of certain solutes principally excreted by the kidney results in their retention in the body fluids. The solutes are end products of endogenous metabolism as well as exogenous substances (eg, drugs). The most commonly measured indicators of renal failure are blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. The renal clearance of creatinine (as calculated from a 24-hour urine collection) is often used as a surrogate measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).